Researchers from Linköping University and the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden have proposed a new device concept that can efficiently transfer the information carried by electron spin to light at room temperature—a stepping stone toward future information technology. They present their approach in an article in Nature Communications.
Light and electron charge are the main media for information processing and transfer. In the search for information technology that is even faster, smaller and more energy-efficient, scientists around the globe are exploring another property of electrons—their spin. Electronics that exploit both the spin and the charge of the electron are called “spintronics.”
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“The main problem is that electrons easily lose their spin orientations when the temperature rises. A key element for future spin-light applications is efficient quantum information transfer at room temperature, but at room temperature, the electron spin orientation is nearly randomized.[…]Now, researchers from Linköping University and the Royal Institute of Technology have devised an efficient spin-light interface.
“This interface can not only maintain and even enhance the electron spin signals at room temperature. It can also convert these spin signals to corresponding chiral light signals travelling in a desired direction,” says Weimin Chen.
The key element of the device is extremely small disks of gallium nitrogen arsenide, GaNAs. The disks are only a couple of nanometres high and stacked on top of each other with a thin layer of gallium arsenide (GaAs) between to form chimney-shaped nanopillars. For comparison, the diameter of a human hair is about a thousand times larger than the diameter of the nanopillars.
The unique ability of the proposed device to enhance spin signals is due to minimal defects introduced into the material by the researchers. Fewer than one out of a million gallium atoms are displaced from their designated lattice sites in the material. The resulting defects in the material act as efficient spin filters that can drain electrons with an unwanted spin orientation and preserve those with the desired spin orientation.
“An important advantage of the nanopillar design is that light can be guided easily and more efficiently coupled in and out,” says Shula Chen, first author of the article.
Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2018-10-nanoscale-pillars-block-future-technology.html#jCp
Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2018-10-nanoscale-pillars-block-future-technology.html#jCp
Source: Nanoscale pillars as a building block for future information technology
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